Trematodes of the Pancreatic Duct, Bile Duct, and Gall Bladder

Trematodes of the Pancreatic Duct, Bile Duct, and Gall Bladder

<p align="CENTER"><span style="color: #000000;"><span style="font-size: large;"><b>Trematodes of the Pancreatic Duct, Bile Duct, and Gall Bladder</b></span></span></p> &nbsp; <p align="CENTER"><span style="color: #000000;"><b>Trematodes of the Pancreas, Bile ducts, and Gall Bladder</b></span></p> &nbsp; <span style="color: #000000;">Pancreas</span> <span style="color: #000000;"> DICROCOELIDAE</span> <span style="color: #000000;"><i>Eurytrema procyonis</i></span><span style="color: #000000;"> Denton, 1942</span> &nbsp; <span style="color: #000000;">Gallbladder and bile ducts</span> <span style="color: #000000;"> DICROCOELIDAE</span> <span style="color: #000000;"><i>Euparadistomum pearsoni</i></span><span style="color: #000000;"> Talbot, 1970</span> <span style="color: #000000;"><i>Euparadistomum</i></span><span style="color: #000000;"><i>buckleyi</i></span><span style="color: #000000;"> Singh, 1958</span> <span style="color: #000000;"><i>Euparadistomum</i></span><span style="color: #000000;"><i>heiwschi</i></span><span style="color: #000000;"> Buckley and Yeh, 1958</span> <span style="color: #000000;"><i>Platynosomum</i></span><span style="color: #000000;"><i>concinnum</i></span><span style="color: #000000;"> (Braun, 1901) Purvis, 1933</span> <span style="color: #000000;"> OPISTHORCHIDAE</span> <span style="color: #000000;"><i>Amphimerus</i></span><span style="color: #000000;"><i>pseudofelineus</i></span><span style="color: #000000;"> (Ward, 1901) Barker, 1911</span> <span style="color: #000000;"><i>Clonorchis</i></span><span style="color: #000000;"><i>sinensis</i></span><span style="color: #000000;"> (Cobbold, 1875) Looss, 1907</span> <span style="color: #000000;"><i>Opisthorchis</i></span><span style="color: #000000;"><i>felineus</i></span><span style="color: #000000;"> (Rivolta, 1884) Blanchard, 1895</span> <span style="color: #000000;"><i>Opisthorchis</i></span><span style="color: #000000;"><i>viverrini</i></span><span style="color: #000000;"> (Poirier, 1886) Stiles and Hassall, 1896</span> <span style="color: #000000;"><i>Opisthorchis</i></span><span style="color: #000000;"><i>chabaudi</i></span><span style="color: #000000;"> Bourgat and Kulo, 1977</span> <span style="color: #000000;"><i>Paropisthorchis</i></span><span style="color: #000000;"><i>caninus</i></span><span style="color: #000000;"> Stephens, 1912</span> <span style="color: #000000;"><i>Metorchis</i></span><span style="color: #000000;"><i>conjunctus</i></span><span style="color: #000000;"> (Cobbold, 1860) Looss, 1899</span> <span style="color: #000000;"><i>Metorchis</i></span><span style="color: #000000;"><i>albidus</i></span><span style="color: #000000;"> (Braun, 1893) Looss, 1899</span> <span style="color: #000000;"><i>Metorchis</i></span><span style="color: #000000;"><i>orientalis</i></span><span style="color: #000000;"> Tanabe, 1919</span> <span style="color: #000000;"><i>Parametorchis</i></span><span style="color: #000000;"><i>complexus</i></span><span style="color: #000000;"> (Stiles and Hassal, 1894) Skrjabin, 1913</span> <span style="color: #000000;"><i>Pseudamphistomum</i></span><span style="color: #000000;"><i>truncatum</i></span><span style="color: #000000;"> (Rudolphi, 1819) Lühe, 1909</span> &nbsp; <span style="color: #000000;"><span style="font-size: medium;"> Several trematodes are regularly found in the ducts that empty into the small intestine from the liver and the pancreas. One parasite, which is regularly found in the pancreatic duct, has been reported from the cat. This trematode, </span></span><span style="color: #000000;"><span style="font-size: medium;"><i>Eurytrema procyonis,</i></span></span><span style="color: #000000;"><span style="font-size: medium;"> is a member of the Dicrocoelids. Most of the other dicrocoelid trematodes are parasites of the gall bladder and bile ducts. The Dicrocoelid trematodes are one of two groups of trematodes that are found in the bile ducts and gall bladder, the other group is the Opisthorchids. The dicrocoelids tend to utilize arthropods as their second intermediate host and opisthorchids utilized fish. Both parasites cause similar hepatic disease.</span></span> &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;