Clinostomum abdoni

Clinostomum abdoni

<p align="CENTER"><span style="color: #000000;"><span style="font-size: large;"><i><b>Clinostomum abdoni</b></i></span></span><span style="color: #000000;"><span style="font-size: large;"><b> Tubangui and Garcia, 1939</b></span></span></p> <p align="JUSTIFY"><span style="color: #000000;"><span style="font-size: medium;"><b>ETYMOLOGY:</b></span></span><span style="color: #000000;"><span style="font-size: medium;"><i>Clino</i></span></span><span style="color: #000000;"><span style="font-size: medium;"> (bent) + </span></span><span style="color: #000000;"><span style="font-size: medium;"><i>stoma</i></span></span><span style="color: #000000;"><span style="font-size: medium;"> (mouth) and </span></span><span style="color: #000000;"><span style="font-size: medium;"><i>abdoni</i></span></span><span style="color: #000000;"><span style="font-size: medium;"> for Dr. Abdon who originally found the fluke in the mouth of a cat..</span></span></p> <p align="JUSTIFY"><span style="color: #000000;"><span style="font-size: medium;"><b>SYNONYMS:</b></span></span><span style="color: #000000;"><span style="font-size: medium;"> None.</span></span></p> <p align="JUSTIFY"><span style="color: #000000;"><span style="font-size: medium;"><b>HISTORY:</b></span></span><span style="color: #000000;"><span style="font-size: medium;"> This parasite was described from a single specimen obtained from a pocket under the tongue of the mouth of a cat in the Philippines. </span></span></p> <p align="JUSTIFY"><span style="color: #000000;"><span style="font-size: medium;"><b>GEOGRAPHIC DISTRIBUTION:</b></span></span><span style="color: #000000;"><span style="font-size: medium;"> Surigao, Mindanao, Philippines.</span></span></p> <p align="JUSTIFY"><span style="color: #000000;"><span style="font-size: medium;"><b>LOCATION IN HOST:</b></span></span><span style="color: #000000;"><span style="font-size: medium;"> Mouth, pocket under the tongue..</span></span></p> <p align="JUSTIFY"><span style="color: #000000;"><span style="font-size: medium;"><b>PARASITE IDENTIFICATION:</b></span></span><span style="color: #000000;"><span style="font-size: medium;"> This trematode was 6.8 mm long and 1.65 mm wide. There were no markedly noticeable cuticular spines. the acetabulum was much larger than the oral sucker. The testes are tandem. The oral sucker, which is retractable as evidenced by a collar-like fold in the tegument of the fluke at the base of the oral sucker, is about one-third the diameter of the ventral sucker that is located slightly anterior to midbody. The genital opening is in the posterior third of the body and the uterus fills the body between the acetabulum and the genital pore.</span></span></p> <p align="JUSTIFY"><span style="color: #000000;"><span style="font-size: medium;"> The oval eggs are large,100 to 109 µm long by 60 to 64 µm wide, operculate, and not embryonated when they leave the fluke.</span></span></p> <p align="JUSTIFY"><span style="color: #000000;"><span style="font-size: medium;"><b>LIFE CYCLE:</b></span></span><span style="color: #000000;"><span style="font-size: medium;"> The life cycle of </span></span><span style="color: #000000;"><span style="font-size: medium;"><i>Clinostomum</i></span></span><span style="color: #000000;"><span style="font-size: medium;"><i>abdoni</i></span></span><span style="color: #000000;"><span style="font-size: medium;"> has not been elucidated, but the authors of the original description felt that it was highly likely that the normal host was most likely a piscivorous bird. For a general presentation see </span></span><span style="color: #000000;"><span style="font-size: medium;"><i>Clinostomum</i></span></span><span style="color: #000000;"><span style="font-size: medium;"><i>falsatum</i></span></span><span style="color: #000000;"><span style="font-size: medium;">.</span></span></p> <p align="JUSTIFY"><span style="color: #000000;"><span style="font-size: medium;"><b>CLINICAL PRESENTATION AND PATHOGENESIS:</b></span></span><span style="color: #000000;"><span style="font-size: medium;"> The only clinical sign was the presence of the pocket under the tongue that housed the fluke at the time of its collection.</span></span></p> <p align="JUSTIFY"><span style="color: #000000;"><span style="font-size: medium;"><b>TREATMENT:</b></span></span><span style="color: #000000;"><span style="font-size: medium;"> Physical removal.</span></span></p> <p align="JUSTIFY"><span style="color: #000000;"><span style="font-size: medium;"><b>EPIZOOTIOLOGY:</b></span></span><span style="color: #000000;"><span style="font-size: medium;"> Cats become infected by eating fish containing the metacercariae. The flukes are capable of developing to the adult stage in a few days.</span></span></p> <p align="JUSTIFY"><span style="color: #000000;"><span style="font-size: medium;"><b>HAZARD TO OTHER ANIMALS: </b></span></span><span style="color: #000000;"><span style="font-size: medium;"> None.</span></span></p> <p align="JUSTIFY"><span style="color: #000000;"><span style="font-size: medium;"><b>HAZARD TO HUMANS:</b></span></span><span style="color: #000000;"><span style="font-size: medium;"> None.</span></span></p> <p align="JUSTIFY"><span style="color: #000000;"><span style="font-size: medium;"><b>CONTROL/PREVENTION:</b></span></span><span style="color: #000000;"><span style="font-size: medium;"> Prevent cats from eating raw fish.</span></span></p> <p align="JUSTIFY"><span style="color: #000000;"><span style="font-size: medium;"><b>REFERENCES:</b></span></span></p> <p align="JUSTIFY"><span style="color: #000000;"><span style="font-size: medium;">Tubangui MA, Garcia EJ. 1939. </span></span><span style="color: #000000;"><span style="font-size: medium;"><i> Clinostomum abdoni sp. nov.</i></span></span><span style="color: #000000;"><span style="font-size: medium;"> a trematode parasite of the cat in the Philippines. Philip J Sci. 70:397-401.</span></span></p>